Heart attacks are now a major cause of premature death worldwide. A heart attack usually occurs when adequate blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped. Or a heart attack occurs when there is a block in the blood circulation veins. However, early death may be avoided if heart attack symptoms are detected early. A month before a heart attack our body starts giving us some warning signals. Today we will give you complete idea about heart attack.
 |
| Heart Attack |
What is a heart attack?
The heart pumps blood through blood vessels throughout our body. When one or more blood vessels in our body suddenly close, the blood flow to different parts of the heart stops. A heart attack is what happens when blood flow stops and the heart stops working. Basically, a heart attack is caused by a blockage in a blood vessel that stops the heart from working.
Heart Attack Symptoms
- Physical weakness: This occurs when blood flow is reduced and blood circulation is obstructed. This is the main symptom of heart disease when the blood vessels become blocked by fat accumulation in the veins but the muscles become weak.
- Chest pain: If you feel pain in the chest, arms, back and shoulders, contact the doctor immediately. Chest pain and tightness is a major symptom of heart disease.
- Pain in other parts of the body: This pain from the chest can go down to the hand. Usually such pain occurs in the left hand. But this pain can go to both hands. Pain in the jaw, neck, back and stomach may occur in addition to the hands.
- Cold sweat: If the blood flow is reduced, the body will feel damp and cold when sweating.
- Cold flu: Many heart attack victims are seen to be affected by cold cold or flu for 1 month before.
- Jhimuni: Usually when the blood flow in the body decreases, Jhimuni also occurs. When the blood flow to the brain decreases, tremors occur.
- Dizziness or Lightheadedness: A heart attack can make a patient feel dizzy. Can make the head dizzy. The patient may turn head and fall.
- Indigestion, vomiting and abdominal pain: Nausea, indigestion, heartburn or abdominal pain can also be early signs of a heart attack. So, consult a cardiologist even if you experience these symptoms.
- Shortness of breath: This type of problem occurs when there is insufficient supply of oxygen and blood to the lungs. Then problems like breathing problems may occur.
- Sweating for no reason: A person suffering from a heart attack may sweat while sitting. The amount of this sweat can be less or more.
How Many Types Of Heart Attack?
Our body most important part is heart. In today's world, there is no more terrible disease than heart disease. If you want to complete your life in a beautiful way then it is very important for you to take good measures for heart. Three types of heart attack are mentioned below:
- ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
- Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
- Coronary spasm or unstable angina.
1. ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI): This type of heart attack requires immediate emergency revascularization that restores blood flow to the arteries. This revascularization is achieved either through medication in the form of thrombolytics. which is given intravenously and or mechanically through angioplasty – a treatment that uses thin, flexible tubes called catheters to open blocked arteries.
2. Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI): This type of heart attack that shows no change in ST segment elevation on the electrocardiogram and results in less damage to the patient's heart. In NSTEMI heart attacks, any coronary artery blockage is likely to be partial or temporary.
3. Coronary spasm or unstable angina: Coronary artery spasm is when the artery wall tightens and blood flow through the artery is restricted – potentially causing chest pain, or blood flow stopping – leading to a heart attack. Coronary artery spasms come and go. Treatments for coronary artery spasm include nitrates and calcium channel blockers.
Who Is More At Risk Of Heart Attack?
- Heart attacks are not the same at all ages. Heart attacks are more common in middle age and old age. But that doesn't mean young children don't have this problem. Their risk is relatively low.
- The risk of heart attack increases due to smoking and drinking.
- A family history of heart attack increases the risk of heart attack.
- Boys usually have more than girls.
- Diabetes, high blood pressure, hyper lipidemia etc. can cause heart attack.
- Being overweight or obese due to lack of physical activity is a cause of heart attack.
- Consuming more fatty foods and less vegetables and fiber.
- As a result of excessive stress or turmoil.
- As a result of taking birth control pills or any other hormone-regulating medication.
Heart Attack Treatment
1. To treat a heart attack, the patient should be rushed to the nearest hospital. In such cases, before taking the patient to the hospital or in the middle of taking the patient, adequate amount of light and air should be arranged.
2. When it comes to choosing a hospital, it is better to have a hospital with cardiac treatment facilities.
3. After being admitted to the hospital, the doctor will start treatment as needed. If the doctor deems it necessary, the patient may have to do an ECG, may need to give oxygen and may give intravenous fluid or nitroglycerin.
4. First Angiogram should be done to determine the amount of block. If the block is large and does not seem to resolve with medication, angioplasty may be required. In this case, the surgeon will insert several micro rings as needed in the narrowed artery.
5. After that, if the heart attack occurs again, the doctor can perform open heart surgery or bypass surgery if necessary.
6. Try to keep blood pressure under control. You can take blood pressure medication regularly as per the doctor's advice. But medicine cannot be omitted without doctor's advice.
Ways To Prevent Heart Attacks
- Try to be free from depression or anxiety.
- Quit smoking.
- Blood pressure should be kept under control.
- maintain weight according to normal BMI.
- Diabetes should be checked and controlled regularly.
- Avoid high fat foods.
- Regular exercise should be done.
- Eat more vegetables and fruits.
- Walk regularly every day.
- Normal physical activity should be done.
Always be under the supervision of a doctor. Take medicine regularly. Do not stop taking the medicine under any circumstances without consulting a doctor. See your doctor regularly.